Reading

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📚 Reading Notes for Primary Teachers

1. Foundations of Reading

🔤 Phonemic Awareness

1. Teach students to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes).

2. Use clapping, rhymes, and sound-matching games.

🧩 Phonics

1. Match letters to their sounds (e.g., "b" = /b/).

2. Start with CVC words (consonant-vowel-consonant), e.g., cat, dog.

3. Use letter cards and songs.

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2. Building Fluency

📖 Repeated Reading

1. Let students read short passages multiple times.

2. Model fluent reading aloud.

🎶 Choral Reading

1. Read together as a class to build confidence and fluency.

⏱️ Use Timed Reading (for older primary)

1. Practice reading with a timer for fun, not pressure.

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3. Vocabulary Development

📘 Use Picture Books

1. Introduce new words with images.

2. Discuss word meanings in context.

🧠 Word Walls

1. Display frequently used or “tricky” words on the classroom wall.

2. Review them regularly.

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4. Comprehension Skills

❓ Ask "WH" Questions

• Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How after reading.

🧠 Think Aloud

• Demonstrate your thinking while reading:

  1. “I wonder what will happen next...”

  2. “This reminds me of...”

🖼️ Use Visuals

• Use story maps, charts, and drawings to discuss story structure:

  1. Beginning - Middle - End

  2. Characters - Setting - Problem - Solution

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5. Reading Strategies to Teach Students

1. Predicting: “What do you think will happen next?”

2. Visualising: “Can you picture it in your mind?”

3. Making connections: “Have you ever felt like this character?”

4. Summarising: “Can you tell the story in your own words?”

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6. Encouraging Reading

📚 Reading Corner

• Create a cosy, colourful reading area with diverse books.

🏆 Reading Stars

• Reward progress with stickers or certificates.

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Involve Parents

• Share reading tips and encourage nightly reading at home.

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7. Assessment Tips

1. Listen to students read aloud weekly.

2. Check comprehension with simple questions.

3. Use checklists to track phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.

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📚 Reading Notes for Students

1. What is Reading?

Reading is looking at words and understanding what they mean.
We read to learn, have fun, and get information.

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2. Steps to Good Reading

👂 Listen to Sounds

1. Every word is made of sounds.

2. Say the sounds slowly:
   c-a-t = cat

🔤 Know Your Letters and Sounds

• Learn how each letter sounds.
  Example:

  1. b says /b/

  2. m says /m/

🧠 Blend Sounds Together

• Put sounds together to make a word:
  d-o-g = dog
  s-u-n = sun

📖 Read the Word

• Look at the letters and say the word out loud.

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3. Reading Rules

1. Read from left to right.

2. Use your finger to follow each word.

3. Stop at a full stop (.)

4. Get excited at an exclamation mark (!)

5. Ask questions at a question mark (?)

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4. Understanding What You Read

• Ask yourself:

  1. Who is in the story?

  2. What is happening?

  3. Where is it happening?

  4. How does it end?

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5. Reading Practice Tips

✅ Read every day – even for 10 minutes
✅ Read out loud to someone (teacher, parent, or friend)
✅ Read with expression (happy, sad, excited)
✅ Don’t rush – read slowly and clearly
✅ If you don’t know a word, sound it out or ask for help

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6. Fun Reading Activities

1. Read in pairs (buddy reading)

2. Act out a story

3. Draw a picture of the story

4. Make a mini-book

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7. Be a Reading Star 🌟

You become better at reading by:

1. Practising every day

2. Asking questions when you don’t understand

3. Loving books!

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